The 19th and 20th centuries saw the Ottoman Empire crumble and the rise of modern nation-states in the Balkans. This led to the establishment of self-governing () national churches, such as the Romanian Orthodox Church, the Church of Greece, and the Serbian Orthodox Church. The Communist Crucible
The 7 Ecumenical Councils and the definition of core dogmas. Istoria Biserici Ortodoxe
As the Byzantine Empire fell, Russia emerged as a powerhouse of Orthodoxy. Moscow began to view itself as the "Third Rome," inheriting the mantle of the protector of the faith. The Rise of National Churches The 19th and 20th centuries saw the Ottoman